![]() If the statement is true, then the contrapositive is also logically true. "If they do not cancel school, then it does not rain." To form the contrapositive of the conditional statement, interchange the hypothesis and the conclusion of the inverse statement. “If it does not rain, then they do not cancel school.” To form the inverse of the conditional statement, take the negation of both the hypothesis and the conclusion. To form the converse of the conditional statement, interchange the hypothesis and the conclusion. For instance, “If it rains, then they cancel school.” You cannot write a biconditional statement for this leftover the truth values are not the same.," we can create three related statements:Ī conditional statement consists of two parts, a hypothesis in the “if” clause and a conclusion in the “then” clause. If I understand the mathematics better, then I will ask more questions in class. ![]() ![]() If I ask more questions in class, then I will understand the mathematics better. My mood will improve if and only if I eat lunch. I will eat lunch if and only if my mood improves. If my mood improves, then I will eat lunch. If I eat lunch, then my mood will improve. You can "clean up" the words for grammar. See if you can write the converse and biconditional statements for these. The quadrilateral is a square if and only if the quadrilateral has four congruent sides and angles. The quadrilateral has four congruent sides and angles if and only if the quadrilateral is a square. The polygon is a quadrilateral if and only if the polygon has only four sides. The polygon has only four sides if and only if the polygon is a quadrilateral. The biconditional statements for these two sets would be: Try your hand at these first, then check below. (true)Ĭonverse: If the quadrilateral is a square, then the quadrilateral has four congruent sides and angles. (true)Ĭonditional: If the quadrilateral has four congruent sides and angles, then the quadrilateral is a square. (true)Ĭonverse: If the polygon is a quadrilateral, then the polygon has only four sides. We still have several conditional geometry statements and their converses from above.Ĭonditional: If the polygon has only four sides, then the polygon is a quadrilateral. P ⇔ q p\Leftrightarrow q p ⇔ q Biconditional statement examples We can attempt, but fail to write, logical biconditional statements, but they will not make sense: (true)Ĭonverse: If my homework is eaten, then I have a pet goat. Let's see how different truth values prevent logical biconditional statements, using our pet goat:Ĭonditional: If I have a pet goat, then my homework will be eaten. They could both be false and you could still write a true biconditional statement ("My pet goat draws polygons if and only if my pet goat buys art supplies online."). You can do this if and only if both conditional and converse statements have the same truth value. My polygon has only three sides if and only if I have a triangle. I have a triangle if and only if my polygon has only three sides. Since both statements are true, we can write two biconditional statements: (true)Ĭonverse: If my polygon has only three sides, then I have a triangle. Let's apply the same concept of switching conclusion and hypothesis to one of the conditional geometry statements:Ĭonditional: If I have a triangle, then my polygon has only three sides.Ĭonverse: If my polygon has only three sides, then I have a triangle.īoth the conditional and converse statements must be true to produce a biconditional statement.Ĭonditional: If I have a triangle, then my polygon has only three sides. Your homework being eaten does not automatically mean you have a goat. This converse statement is not true, as you can conceive of something … or someone … else eating your homework: your dog, your little brother. Take the first conditional statement from above:Ĭonclusion: … then my homework will be eaten.Ĭonverse: If my homework is eaten, then I have a pet goat. You may "clean up" the two parts for grammar without affecting the logic. To create a converse statement for a given conditional statement, switch the hypothesis and the conclusion. Whether the conditional statement is true or false does not matter (well, it will eventually), so long as the second part (the conclusion) relates to, and is dependent on, the first part (the hypothesis). If the quadrilateral has four congruent sides and angles, then the quadrilateral is a square.Įach of these conditional statements has a hypothesis ("If …") and a conclusion (" …, then …"). ![]() If the polygon has only four sides, then the polygon is a quadrilateral. If I have a triangle, then my polygon has only three sides. If I have a pet goat, then my homework will be eaten. In logic, concepts can be conditional, using an if-then statement:
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